Improvement in windmills



faire site fiat.

JOHN FBAZEE, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURLe- Letters Patent No.'83,620, dated llo'oembefl` 3, 1868.

IMPROVEIVIENT IN WINDMILLS.

The Schedule referred to` in these Letters Patentand making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, JOHN FRAznE, of the city of St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis, and State of Missouri, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Windmil1s; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and clear description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. v The nature of this invention is in' the arrangement for ieathering the fans of4 the windmill, and, secondly, in an arrangement of a governor-device, regulating the speed of the rotating wings or fans, all of which will be more fully hereinafter mentioned and described.

To enable those skilled herein to make and use my said invention, I will describe the same fully, referring to the accompanying Figure il as a general plan; to v Figure 2 as a vertical sectional elevation.

I construct a flame, usually of wood, to sustain the operating-devices. Ontlie upper end hereof is a base, A, having rollers, a, to sustain the .rotating upper frame B. Said frame B is arranged to support the governor-devices, hereinafter described, onits lower base-plate B; VOn its upper plate, B2, are arranged the concentric cam-guides B3; and centrally on said plate B2 is the support for the main power-shaft C, resting, by its journal-hub c, on said plate B2.

To' said hub c is connected the spider D, in which the fan or wing-shafts E are held and guided.

Secured to said shafts E, andoutside of said spider,

are the wings or fans e, upon which lthe force of theV wind is exerted.

-On said shafts E are furthermore fixed the cams f and f.. Said cams are guided by ther cam-plates B", thus determining the position of the fans e. When the fans in their rotation pass without the proper range for a direct propulsive action of the wind, the inner cam, f,is no longer guided by itscam-plate B2, but the outer cam, f', by the action of its cam-plate, tin'ns the fan, so that it turns a feather-edge to the direction of theunotion, thus reducing the air resistance of the fan when the propulsive action thereon becomes too small.

It will be seen that the point atwhich the fans are thus tulned or4 feathered must be determined by the direction of thelwind. In order to cause the wind to determine said point of feathering,7 I arrange the wind-varies G and G. Of these, G usually stands vertically, and G horizontally, or nearly so.

`By the action of the wind, the vane G will then stand in the direction thereof; but the vanes G and G are both connected with the frame B in such wise that the wind,in turning the vane G about the vertical axis of tlie` entire mill, will also turn the trame B. Then, as thecam-plates B? are secured to said frame, and are properly placed thereon, the vane G and frame B, in, turning to the wind, t'he cam-plates will be thus c jal" ,/5- @me-@QW @m4/owed@ shaft H of the governor. When, now, the action of the wind is too great, and causes an undue velocity of the shaft O, the velocity being transmitted to the shaft H, causes the governor-globes, h, to rise by centrifugal force, thereby raising the collar h2, and acting to turn the crank h3, of the shaft g1, of the vane G', and this, by the mitre-gearing h, turns the shaft g2 of the vane G; thus both of said vanes are turned by the action of the governor, in case the velocity of the fans c is excessive. But as the vane G stands horizontally (with feather-edge to Wind) ordinarily, and as it is placed about at right angles to the vane G, which marks the direction 'of the wind, it will be seen that as soon as the governor turns the shaft g1, the vane G' turns its broad face to the wind-actlon, whereby the wind will cause the same and the frame B to turn; but as also the vane'G is turned from its vertical position, it opposes Ia smaller resistance to the turning of the iiamethan it did before. All said parts, therefore, act effectively to turn the'frame, so that the wind-direction vane G no longer points in the exact direction of the wind. But as the fans c are feathered when they reach the line of the vane G, they now feather before lthey reach this direction; the fans e, therefore, no longer feather at proper point, and hence they are gradually impeded by the resistance of the wind, thus decreasing their velocity, which was excessive.

It will thus appear that by the action'of the governor any undue velocity of the windmill is corrected.

The general detail ofithe parts in action, as aforesaid, appears from the accompanying drawings.

By any of the usual methods the revolving shaft O is made to transmit the power received thereon by the action of the revolving fans c.

Having thus fully described my invention',

1. The vanes Gand G', respectively combined with the frame B, ca1n-plate B2, cams f and f', and fanhafts E, substantially as and for the purposes set orthfI 2. The governor-device It H h', acting upon the vanes G and Gr', to cause them to turn the frame B,

substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN FRAZEE, Witnesses:

Gno. P. HERTHEL, Jr., M. RANDOLPH. 

